10 common health myths – Debunked with scientific evidence

 

Health myths are widespread, deeply rooted in culture and increasingly amplified by social media and informal advice. They influence how people use medicines, trust vaccines, choose home remedies and interact with healthcare providers, often leading to delayed treatment, complications and preventable deaths.

This write-up examines 10 common health myths in Pakistan, explains what the science actually says, and offers clear, evidence-based guidance to support safer decisions for you and your family.

 

2. Antibiotics work for flu, cough and every fever

In Pakistan, antibiotics are often viewed as powerful, all-purpose medicines that can cure almost any illness, including viral infections such as influenza and the common cold.

 

What does science say?

Antibiotics kill bacteria, not viruses. The World Health Organisation and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC – U.S. health agency) state that antibiotics do not treat viral illnesses, such as the common cold, most sore throats, viral diarrhoea or influenza. Pakistani studies show widespread irrational use of antibiotics, including for minor and likely viral illnesses and highlight a strong link between such misuse and rising antimicrobial resistance.

 

Risks of believing this myth

• Growing antibiotic resistance, leading to infections that no longer respond to standard drugs
• Higher risk of side effects such as allergic reactions, kidney or liver damage, and gut disturbances
• Increased healthcare costs and hospital stays when infections become resistant.

 

Evidence-based guidance

• Do not demand antibiotics from doctors for simple flu or viral cough.
• If antibiotics are prescribed, complete the full course exactly as directed.
• Never use leftover antibiotics or share them with others.
• Support national efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance by using antibiotics only when medically indicated.

 

2/10 – To be continued